Upcoming Pest Events | Trap Catches | Pest Focus | Insects | Chem News

Upcoming Pest Events | Trap Catches | Pest Focus | Insects | Chem News

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Upcoming Pest Events | Trap Catches | Pest Focus | Insects | Chem News

HIGHLAND: Apple Maggot adults observed in record numbers in baited red sphere
traps; again over threshold in many commercial blocks.
2nd brood Obliquebanded Leafroller adult emergence today, 8/7.

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Upcoming Pest Events | Trap Catches | Pest Focus | Insects | Chem News

Geneva Predictions:
Codling Moth
Codling moth development as of August 7: 2nd generation adult emergence at 85% and 2nd generation egg hatch at 53%.

White Apple Leafhopper
2nd generation WAL found on apple foliage: Aug 3.

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Insect model degree day accumulations:

DD45 since 1st Oriental Fruit Moth 2nd generation catch, July 5 (80% egg hatch @ 880-905):
APPLETON: 864
ALBION: N/A
KNOWLESNVILLE: 869
SODUS: 810
WILLIAMSON: 843
DD50 since 1st Codling Moth 1st generation catch (2nd brood management sprays recommended @ 1260-1370):
APPLETON: 1483
ALBION: N/A
SODUS: 1159
WILLIAMSON: 1417
HIGHLAND: 1528

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    Most of the season's pest control decisions are likely to be completed this week and next.  As you prepare to make what will likely be your final turn through the orchard for crop protection purposes before starting to concentrate on harvest activities, try to keep alert to any late-breaking pest developments that might be expected during this most typical summer.  Last week's major heat wave may have passed, but any additional heat will be very conducive to increased insect activity.  Here's a quick rundown of some of the more important midsummer pests to keep in mind during this homestretch.

Apple Maggot
   Adult numbers have been reasonably high in the orchard sites where we're catching them.  Some blocks don't have much of a population, but in historically high-pressure orchards, mid-August is still an active period for flies to be out and laying eggs.  This is yet another one of those seasons when localized trapping can pay off in the event that some blocks are under greater pressure than others, even on the same farm, so please continue to monitor traps in representative blocks. 

Internal Lepidoptera – Codling Moth and Oriental Fruit Moth
   Once again, this complex of fruit-feeding larvae has been difficult to predict.  Despite high numbers of first-generation OFM and CM moths, second flights have so far been fairly unremarkable, and most growers seem to be pretty much on top of the situation.  Some spots with fruit damage are known, but in general, most orchards look to be in good shape.

   Conditions are still favorable for good August flights, particularly for codling moth, which has occurred in higher numbers this year than we have previously seen. We are currently in the middle of an appropriate window for management sprays of either species, so prudence would dictate a critical evaluation of your late-season fruit protection status, to be sure you are adequately covered until the PHI for the various respective varieties.

   For now, we're recommending that problem sites be kept covered with at least another spray, and we'll see what the tail end of the pre-harvest period looks like.  Options include Guthion, Imidan, Asana, Warrior or Proaxis in peaches.  In apples and pears, you can use Guthion, Imidan, Assail, Avaunt, Calypso, Asana, Warrior, Proaxis, or Danitol; the non-OP materials will additionally give control of white apple leafhopper.  This is additionally the suitable time for Cyd-X applications against codling moth.  For control of OFM, alternate row middle applications will not be as effective as whole orchard sprays in high pressure blocks.  Assess the pressure in your specific situations, check the pre-harvest intervals, and determine whether a full or border spray might be in order.

European Corn Borer

   Recall that these moths have a final flight that extends to the middle of September, and that the offspring can inflict last-minute fruit feeding damage to later varieties.  One or two late sprays of a B.t. product like Dipel can go a long ways toward minimizing this injury, and the 0-day PHI is compatible with any harvest schedule.  Also, SpinTor applied against late season leafrollers will provide incidental corn borer control (PHI = 7 days).

Mites
   It can't be said often enough in a season like this that mites are extremely good at exploiting high temps to pump out a few more generations before they call it quits for the winter; twospotted spider mites are also possible, although less likely under conditions of adequate moisture such as we are currently seeing.  A frequent (weekly) perusal of your foliage can pay off big dividends if they happen to build rapidly before the crop is fully mature.

Obliquebanded Leafroller
   The second summer flight of OBLR is due to start any time now, which means that the first larvae will be out looking for a snack by the 2nd to 3rd week of August.  If you struggled to manage the 1st summer brood (and a number of growers did), you might also cast a judicious eye on your fruits while you're in there checking the leaves for mites, to determine whether a late application of SpinTor or a B.t. material such as Dipel, Deliver or Biobit might be of use in heading off late-season feeding damage.  Another, recently approved option for this task is Proclaim (see following article).

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Upcoming Pest Events | Trap Catches | Pest Focus | Insects | Chem News

   Last week, the NYS DEC granted a registration to Syngenta Crop Protection for Proclaim 5SG (EPA Reg. No. 100-904) on pome fruits in New York.  This restricted-use pesticide is a soluble granule formulation of emamectin benzoate, which is a second-generation avermectin insecticide related to Agri-Mek.  The primary target pests are leafrollers, leafminers, and fruitworms; however, the label also lists suppression of codling moth, oriental fruit moth, lesser appleworm, pear psylla, and spider mites (ERM and TSSM).  Proclaim is translaminar, being absorbed quickly into the leaf tissue, and forming a reservoir of a.i. against plant-feeding pests.  Although it is most effective when ingested, limited contact activity does exist for a short period after application.  Addition of a penetrating adjuvant such as horticultural mineral oil or a nonionic surfactant is recommended.  It has an REI of 48 hr, and a 14-day PHI.

This material is based upon work supported by Smith Lever funds from the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Scaffolds is published weekly from March to September by Cornell University -- NYS Agricultural Experiment Station (Geneva), and Ithaca -- with the assistance of Cornell Cooperative Extension. New York field reports welcomed. Send submissions by 3 p.m. Monday to:

Scaffolds Fruit Journal
Editors: A. Agnello, D. Kain
Dept. of Entomology, NYSAES
P.O. Box 462
Geneva, NY 14456-0462
Phone: 315-787-2341 FAX: 315-787-2326
E-mail: ama4@cornell.edu

Online at <http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/ent/scaffolds/>