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Floral | ********** |
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Linalool | white wine + 1 mg (drop) linalool/100 mL white wine |
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Orange blossom | white wine + Crushed orange blossoms |
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Rose | wine + 1 mg 2-phenylethanol/150 mL white wine or crushed petals of one rose |
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Violet | red wine + Petals from 10 crushed violets |
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Geranium | red wine + Piece of ripped geranium (ea. 10mm x 10 mm) |
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Spicy | ********** |
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Cloves | wine + Soak one whole clove for 10-20 min. and remove |
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Black pepper | red wine + 2-3 grains ground black pepper |
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Licorice, anise | wine + 1 drop anise extract/50 mL wine |
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Citrus | ********** |
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Grapefruit | white wine + 5 mL juice and small piece peel of fresh fruit |
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Lemon | white wine + 5 mL juice and small piece peel of fresh fruit |
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Berry | ********** |
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Blackberry | red wine + 1-2 crushed fresh or frozen blackberries |
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Raspberry | red wine + 1-2 crushed fresh or frozen raspberries |
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Strawberry | red wine + 1-2 crushed fresh or frozen strawberries |
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Black Currant | wine + 10 mL liquor from canned black currants and 5 mL Ribena¨ (sweetened concentrate) or 10 mL Cassis |
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Tree Fruit | ********** |
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Cherry | red wine + 10 mL brine of canned cherries |
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Apricot | white wine + 15-20 mL apricot nectar |
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Peach | white wine + 15-20 peach nectar or syrup from canned peaches |
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Apple | white wine + Slice fresh apple, 5 mL apple juice |
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Tropical Fruit | ********** |
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Pineapple | white wine + 2-4 mL freshly opened canned pineapple juice |
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Melon | white wine + 1 piece fresh ripe cantelopue (20 mm cube) |
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Banana | white wine + 1 10-mm slice fresh banana |
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Non-Vinifera Grape | ********** |
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Labruscana | wine + 2-5 Welch's¨ grape juice (Methyl anthranilate 1mg/L) |
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Foxy | wine + wet corn chips or o-aminoacetophenone 1ug/L |
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Cotton Candy | wine + canned strawberry jam or furaneol (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone) 1ug/L |
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Strawberry jam | red wine + 1 tsp strawberry jam |
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Dried Fruit | ********** |
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Raisin | red wine + 5-8 crushed fresh raisins |
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Prune | red wine + 1-2 mL prune juice |
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Fig | wine + 1/2 fig or 5-10 mL brine from canned figs |
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Artificial Fruit | ********** |
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Artificial fruit | red wine + 7-8 grains Tropical Punch Kool-Aid¨ or tropical fruit flavoring |
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Green Leafy | ********** |
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Grass, cut green | wine + 1 shredded 20-mm blade of green grass |
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Bell pepper | wine + 12mm x 10mm slice of bell pepper; soak 30 min. and remove |
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Eucalyptus | wine + 1 crushed eucalyptus leaf |
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Mint | wine + 1 crushed mint leaf or 1 drop mint extract |
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Geranium | wine + Torn Geranium leaves; 50 mg potassium sorbate + ML fermentation; or 1ug/L 2-ethoxy-3,5-heaxdiene |
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Green Stemy | ********** |
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Stemmy | wine + 4 crushed grape stems |
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Green beans | wine + 3-5 mL brine from canned green beans |
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Asparagus | wine + 2-3 mL brine from canned asparagus |
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Green olive | wine + 4-6 mL brine from canned green olives |
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Black olive | wine + 4-6 mL brine from canned black olives |
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Artichoke | wine + 2-5 mL brine from cooked artichoke |
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Dried Leaves | ********** |
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Hay/straw | white wine + Several pieces of hay, finely cut (no wine) |
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Tea | wine + 3-4 flakes of black tea |
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Tobacco | wine + 3-4 flakes of tobacco (least aromatic possible) |
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Nutty | ********** |
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Walnut | wine + 1-2 walnuts, crushed (no wine) |
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Hazelnut | wine + 1-2 hazelnuts, ground (no wine) |
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Almond | wine + 1 drop almond extract/100 mL wine or 1-2 almonds ground (no wine) |
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Phenolic | ********** |
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Phenolic | wine + 1 mg ethyl guaiacol |
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Vanilla | wine + 1-2 drops vanilla extract |
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cedar | red wine + 1 drop cedar oil or few shavings of cedar wood |
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Oak | wine + 2-3 mL of Oak flavor (Oak Mor, Finer Filter Products, Newark, CA) |
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Caramel | ********** |
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Honey | white wine + 5-8 mL hone |
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Butterscotch | wine + 1 butterscotch Life Saver¨ and 1 Kraft Caramel¨ |
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Diacetyl (butter) | wine + 1 drop butter flavored extract/100 mL wine |
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Soy sauce | red wine + 1-2 drops soy sauce |
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Chocolate | red wine + 2-5 mL chocolate flavor or 1/2 tsp. powdered cocoa |
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Molasses | red wine + 1-3 mL molasses |
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Burnt | ********** |
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Smoky | wine + 1 drop smoky flavor extract/150 mL wine |
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Burnt toast/charred | wine + 1 small piece burnt wood in 200 mL wine |
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Coffee | red wine + 2-4 grains ground coffed |
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Papery | ********** |
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Filter pad | wine + Soak 20mm x 20mm piece filter pad overnight in 100 mL wine |
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Wet cardboard | wine + Soak 20mm x 20 mm piece cardboard overnight in 100 mL wine |
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Pungent | ********** |
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Ethyl acetate | wine + 1 drop ethyl acetate/50 mL wine |
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Acetic acid | wine + 2-5 mL vinegar/50 mL wine or 2 drops glacial acetic acid/ 50 mL wine |
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Ethanol | wine + 10-15 mL ethanol/50 mL wine |
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Sulfur dioxide | white wine + 250 mg/L sulfur dioxide |
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Hot | ********** |
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Alcohol | wine + 40% v/v ethanol in water or wine |
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Sulfur | ********** |
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Rubbery | wine + 1 10mm x 5mm piece of cut rubber tubing or bike tire (let sit several hours) |
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Hydrogen sulfide | wine + 1 ppb hydrogen sulfide in wine or 1/8 yolk of hard boiled egg (no wine) |
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Mercaptan | wine + 5 ppb ethanethiol in wine; or smell natural gas |
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Garlic | wine + 1 - 5mm piece crushed garlic in 150 mL wine soak to up to 1 min. and remove |
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Skunk | wine + NA |
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Cabbage | wine + 2-3 mL brine from boiled cabbage leaves |
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Burnt match | wine + Burn 1 wooden match; extinguish. When cool add 150 mL wine |
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Sulfur dioxide | white wine + 250 mg/L sulfur dioxide |
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Wet wool or dog | white wine + Small piece of heated wet wool (no wine) |
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Yeasty | ********** |
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Flor-yeast | a glass of fino Sherry |
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Leesy | wine + 1/2 yeast cake (not dry yeast) |
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Horsey | wine + 1 mg p-cresol/100 mL wine |
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Mousey | wine + 0.5-1 mg 2-ethyl-3, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydropyridine/L wine |
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Fusel alcohol | wine + 300 mg/L of 2-methyl-1-butanol and/or 3-methyl-1-butanol |
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Bacterial | ********** |
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Sauerkraut | wine + 2-5 mL brine form canned sauerkraut |
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Butyric acid | wine + 1 drop n-butanoic acid/100 mL wine |
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Sweaty | wine + 1 drop isopentanoic acid/100 mL wine |
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Lactic acid bacteria | wine + 1mg/L diacetyl |
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Moldy | ********** |
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Musty (mildew) | wine + piece of mildewed cloth (no wine) |
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Moldy cork | wine + pieces of moldy cork (no wine) |
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Earthy | ********** |
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Mushroom | wine + 1 small mushroom, finely sliced/10 mL wine |
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Dusty | wine + wine soaked white corks stored for 2 weeks |
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Oxidized | ********** |
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Acetaldehyde | wine + 40 mg/L acetaldehyde or 5 mL sherry/25 mL wine |
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Contaminated | ********** |
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Tar | red wine + 1 drop roofing tar, let sit overnight in wine |
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Plastic | wine + Cut up plastic tubing |
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Kerosene | wine + 1 drop kerosene/150 mL wine |
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Diesel | wine + 1 drop diesel/150 mL wine or 1 drop WD-40/50 mL wine |
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Fishy | wine + 1 drop trimethylamine/50 mL wine or few grains anion exchange resin in hyudroxide form (no wine) |
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Soapy | wine + Few flakes Ivory¨ soap or grains Borax¨ |